cxcl10 protein level  (Elabscience Biotechnology)

Journal: Clinical Cancer Research

Article Title: XMT-2056, a HER2-Directed STING Agonist Antibody–Drug Conjugate, Induces Innate Antitumor Immune Responses by Acting on Cancer Cells and Tumor-Resident Immune Cells

doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-24-2449

Figure Lengend Snippet: XMT-2056 elicits potent antigen-dependent and Fc-R–mediated activation of monocytes in cocultures. A, Schematic of the XMT-2056 mechanism, which includes HER2-dependent ADC uptake into tumor cells and Fcγ-R–expressing myeloid cells. B, Chemical structure of XMT-2056. C, Cytokine induction as measured by a multiplex Luminex assay from supernatants of fresh human WBCs treated for 6 (IFN-β) or 24 (CXCL10, IL-6, and TNF-a) hours. Bars represent mean value of n = 2 data points shown as symbols. D, Competition with trastuzumab by biolayer interferometry (Octet): trastuzumab was loaded onto the sensor chip, and HER2 ECD or HT19 antibody associations are indicated by blue arrows. Additional binding by HT19 indicates noncompetitive binding. E, Competition with trastuzumab by cell-based flow cytometry. HT19 hIgG1 or mIgG2a formats detected with either Alexa Fluor anti-hIgG1 (h647) or Alexa Fluor anti-mIgG2a (m647) secondary antibodies in the presence or absence of trastuzumab–mIgG2a. Each point represents the mean and SD ( n = 3). F, Binding of XMT-2056 or HT19 antibody to HCC1954 cells showing fluorescence intensities measured by flow cytometry. Each point represents the mean and SD ( n = 2). G, CXCL10 cytokine induction in HCC1954 monocultures treated for 24 hours with XMT-2056, nonbinding control ADC, HT19, or the free payload. Each point represents the mean and SD ( n = 2). H, Binding of XMT-2056 or Fc-mutant XMT-2056, HT19, and nonbinding control ADC to SKOV3 cells showing fluorescence intensities measured by flow cytometry. Each point represents the mean and SD ( n = 3). I and J, IRF3 reporter activity of THP1 cells in coculture with SKOV3 cells ( I ) or cultured on recombinant HER2 antigen-coated plates ( J ) treated for 24 hours with XMT-2056 or Fc-mutant XMT-2056, nonbinding control ADC, or STING agonist payload. Each point represents the mean and SD ( n = 3). When noted, EC 50 and B max values represent mean of two independent experiments. gMFI, geometric mean fluorescence intensity; RLU, relative light units. ( A, Created in BioRender. Cetinbas, N. [2025], https://BioRender.com/s16c825 ; G, Created in BioRender. Cetinbas, N. [2025], https://BioRender.com/s16c825 ; I and J, Created in BioRender. Cetinbas, N. [2025], https://BioRender.com/s16c825 .)

Article Snippet: Culture supernatants were collected, and CXCL10 levels were measured by ELISA using Mouse CXCL10/IP-10 DuoSet ELISA Kit (R&D Systems, Cat. DY466) following the manufacturer’s recommended procedures.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Expressing, Multiplex Assay, Luminex, Binding Assay, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence, Control, Mutagenesis, Activity Assay, Cell Culture, Recombinant

Journal: EBioMedicine

Article Title: High serum C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) levels may be associated with new onset interstitial lung disease in patients with systemic sclerosis: evidence from observational, clinical, transcriptomic and in vitro studies.

doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104883

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 2: Systemic (serum) levels of CXCL10 in SSc without ILD (N = 124), SSc-ILD (N = 41) and healthy controls (N = 13). Patients with SSc with or without interstitial lung disease have statistically significant higher CXCL10 levels compared to healthy controls (Mann–Whitney U test). Patients with SSc-ILD had statistically sig- nificant higher levels of CXCL10 compared to SSc without ILD (Mann–Whitney U test). Measurements are shown as median values (dashed) with IQR (dotted) in pg/ml.

Article Snippet: Local CXCL10 protein levels were assessed by ELISA (R&D systems, DY266, MN, USA) according to manufacturer’s instructions and as described previously.24,25 Highperformance ELISA buffer (product no.: M1940, Sanquin, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) was used during serum incubation to prevent non-specific reactions.

Techniques: MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: EBioMedicine

Article Title: High serum C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) levels may be associated with new onset interstitial lung disease in patients with systemic sclerosis: evidence from observational, clinical, transcriptomic and in vitro studies.

doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104883

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3: CXCL10 levels were negatively correlated with PFTs in patients with SSc-ILD. a) Spearman’s correlation between serum CXCL10 and %FVC shows a moderate negative correlation (N = 38, r = −0.43, P = 0.012. b) Spearman’s correlation between serum CXCL10 and %DLco indicates no correlation (N = 32). After adjusting for confounders, CXCL10 was negatively associated with %DLco. PFTs: pulmonary function tests, FVC: forced vital capacity, DLco: capacity for carbon monoxide diffusion.

Article Snippet: Local CXCL10 protein levels were assessed by ELISA (R&D systems, DY266, MN, USA) according to manufacturer’s instructions and as described previously.24,25 Highperformance ELISA buffer (product no.: M1940, Sanquin, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) was used during serum incubation to prevent non-specific reactions.

Techniques: Diffusion-based Assay

Journal: EBioMedicine

Article Title: High serum C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) levels may be associated with new onset interstitial lung disease in patients with systemic sclerosis: evidence from observational, clinical, transcriptomic and in vitro studies.

doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104883

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 4: Higher CXCL10 may be associated with long-term ILD development. Kaplan–Meier survival curve according to baseline median CXCL10 concentration. CXCL10 levels >78.5 pg/ml shows a 2.74-fold increased hazard of new onset of ILD [Log-rank (Mantel-cox) test, P = 0.119].

Article Snippet: Local CXCL10 protein levels were assessed by ELISA (R&D systems, DY266, MN, USA) according to manufacturer’s instructions and as described previously.24,25 Highperformance ELISA buffer (product no.: M1940, Sanquin, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) was used during serum incubation to prevent non-specific reactions.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: EBioMedicine

Article Title: High serum C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) levels may be associated with new onset interstitial lung disease in patients with systemic sclerosis: evidence from observational, clinical, transcriptomic and in vitro studies.

doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104883

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 5: Local CXCL10 concentration levels and correlation between local and systemic CXCL10 levels. a) Comparison between CXCL10 concentration levels in BAL supernatant between SSc-without-ILD (N = 8) and patients with SSc-ILD (N = 6) (Mann–Whitney U test, P = 0.23). Measurements are shown as median values (dashed) with IQR (dotted) in pg/ml. b) Spearman’s correlation between CXCL10 concentration levels in serum and BAL supernatant in the same patients showing statistical significance P = 0.007 and r = 0.7 (N = 14). Measurements are in pg/ml.

Article Snippet: Local CXCL10 protein levels were assessed by ELISA (R&D systems, DY266, MN, USA) according to manufacturer’s instructions and as described previously.24,25 Highperformance ELISA buffer (product no.: M1940, Sanquin, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) was used during serum incubation to prevent non-specific reactions.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Comparison, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: EBioMedicine

Article Title: High serum C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) levels may be associated with new onset interstitial lung disease in patients with systemic sclerosis: evidence from observational, clinical, transcriptomic and in vitro studies.

doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104883

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 6: CXCL10 gene expression in SSc-ILD inflammatory and fibrotic regions. Transcriptomic analysis showed that CXCL10 is 2.3x more highly expressed in inflammatory regions compared with fibrotic regions in patients with SSc-ILD [P = 0.029 (t-test)]. N = 11 (5 in- flammatory SSc-ILD regions and 6 fibrotic SSc-ILD regions).

Article Snippet: Local CXCL10 protein levels were assessed by ELISA (R&D systems, DY266, MN, USA) according to manufacturer’s instructions and as described previously.24,25 Highperformance ELISA buffer (product no.: M1940, Sanquin, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) was used during serum incubation to prevent non-specific reactions.

Techniques: Gene Expression

Journal: EBioMedicine

Article Title: High serum C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) levels may be associated with new onset interstitial lung disease in patients with systemic sclerosis: evidence from observational, clinical, transcriptomic and in vitro studies.

doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104883

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 7: Stimulation of normal human lung fibroblasts with SSc fluids (a–d), or inflammatory or fibrotic cytokines (e). (a–d) 5% BAL supernatant from SSc without ILD (BAL SSc) or SSc-ILD (BAL SSc-ILD), or 1% serum from SSc without ILD (SSc serum) or SSc-ILD (SSc-ILD serum) or healthy control (Pool serum) was used to stimulate lung fibroblasts. (a) SSc-ILD BAL and serum-treated fibroblasts overexpressed cxcl10 compared to SSc without ILD BAL (Mann–Whitney U test, P = 0.004) and serum (Mann–Whitney U test, P = 0.0087). Also, SSc-ILD BAL-treated fibroblasts had higher cxcl10 levels compared to CTRL (Mann–Whitney U test, P = 0.0022). Fibroblasts treated with SSc-ILD serum significantly overex- pressed cxcl10 compared to fibroblasts treated with healthy serum (Mann–Whitney U test, P = 0.0022). SSc-ILD serum-treated lung fibroblasts overexpressed ctgf expression compared to SSc without ILD and pool sera (Mann–Whitney U test, P = 0.026 and P = 0.0087, respectively). (c–d) No statistically significant differences in tgfβ or αsma expression when lung fibroblasts were treated with BAL or serum (Mann–Whitney U test). The results are medians of three technical experiments (n = 3) where 6 patients’ biofluids were used (N = 6). (e) IL-6 (10 ng/ml or 100 ng/ml) or TGF-β (10 ng/ml) or both were used to stimulate lung fibroblasts for 4 h. IL-6 stimulated cxcl10 expression in lung fibroblasts in a concentration-dependent manner. The higher concentration of IL-6 (100 ng/ml) showed increase of cxcl10 expression with a trend towards statistical significance of P value = 0.055 vs. CTRL (Mann–Whitney U test). The results are medians with IQR of three technical experiments (n = 3). CTRL: culture media without stimulant.

Article Snippet: Local CXCL10 protein levels were assessed by ELISA (R&D systems, DY266, MN, USA) according to manufacturer’s instructions and as described previously.24,25 Highperformance ELISA buffer (product no.: M1940, Sanquin, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) was used during serum incubation to prevent non-specific reactions.

Techniques: Control, MANN-WHITNEY, Expressing, Concentration Assay

Journal: Viruses

Article Title: Dominant CT Patterns and Immune Responses during the Early Infection Phases of Different SARS-CoV-2 Variants.

doi: 10.3390/v15061304

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. Serum immune indicator levels and associations with dominant CT patterns in the early phase of infection with SARS-CoV-2 Delta and precedent variants: (A) age, (B) neutralizing activity (NT; % inhibition), (C) IFN-α, (D) IL-6, (E) CXCL10, and (F) VEGF. No subjects had received a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 before admission. Each biomarker level was evaluated at the time of hospital admission (within five days after symptom onset). Data are presented using Tukey boxplots and individual values. ns, not significant; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.005; **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: IFN-α levels were measured using the VeriKine-HS Human IFN Alpha All Subtype ELISA Kit (PBL Assay Science, Piscataway, NJ, USA), CXCL10 levels were measured using the Human CXCL10/IP-10 ELISA Kit (Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA), IL-6 levels were measured using the AuthentiKineTM Human IL-6 ELISA Kit (Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA), and VEGF levels were measured using the Viruses 2023, 15, 1304 4 of 12 AuthentiKineTM Human VEGF ELISA Kit (Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA).

Techniques: Infection, Activity Assay, Inhibition, Biomarker Discovery

Journal: Viruses

Article Title: Dominant CT Patterns and Immune Responses during the Early Infection Phases of Different SARS-CoV-2 Variants.

doi: 10.3390/v15061304

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. Serum immune indicator levels and associations with dominant CT patterns in the early phase of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant: (A) age, (B) neutralizing activity (NT; % inhibition), (C) IFN-α, (D) IL-6, (E) CXCL10, and (F) VEGF. All participants had received an mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 (wild-type) more than two weeks before infection. Each biomarker level was evaluated at the time of hospital admission (within five days after symptom onset). Data are presented using Tukey boxplots and individual values. ns, not significant; * p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: IFN-α levels were measured using the VeriKine-HS Human IFN Alpha All Subtype ELISA Kit (PBL Assay Science, Piscataway, NJ, USA), CXCL10 levels were measured using the Human CXCL10/IP-10 ELISA Kit (Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA), IL-6 levels were measured using the AuthentiKineTM Human IL-6 ELISA Kit (Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA), and VEGF levels were measured using the Viruses 2023, 15, 1304 4 of 12 AuthentiKineTM Human VEGF ELISA Kit (Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA).

Techniques: Infection, Variant Assay, Activity Assay, Inhibition, Biomarker Discovery

Journal: Viruses

Article Title: Dominant CT Patterns and Immune Responses during the Early Infection Phases of Different SARS-CoV-2 Variants.

doi: 10.3390/v15061304

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. Landscape of immune response and dominant CT patterns during the early phase of SARS- CoV-2 infection (A). During the third to fifth waves, where Delta and precedent variants were the dominant variants, serum IL-6, IFN-α, and CXCL10 levels were significantly higher in unvaccinated participants with GGO patterns, and serum IL-6, IFN-α, and CXCL10 levels were significantly higher in those with OP patterns when compared to those without pulmonary lesions. During the sixth wave, where the dominant variant was Omicron BA.1, only serum IL-6 levels were significantly higher in vaccinated participants with GGO patterns when compared to those without pulmonary lesions. Notably, the presence of OP patterns was significantly decreased in participants with the Omicron variant. Chest CT images showing the dominant patterns in patients with early COVID-19; (B) GGO pattern, (C) OP pattern.

Article Snippet: IFN-α levels were measured using the VeriKine-HS Human IFN Alpha All Subtype ELISA Kit (PBL Assay Science, Piscataway, NJ, USA), CXCL10 levels were measured using the Human CXCL10/IP-10 ELISA Kit (Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA), IL-6 levels were measured using the AuthentiKineTM Human IL-6 ELISA Kit (Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA), and VEGF levels were measured using the Viruses 2023, 15, 1304 4 of 12 AuthentiKineTM Human VEGF ELISA Kit (Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA).

Techniques: Infection, Variant Assay

Journal: Physiological Reports

Article Title: CXCL10 is a novel anti‐angiogenic factor downstream of p53 in cardiomyocytes

doi: 10.14814/phy2.15304

Figure Lengend Snippet: p53 induced CXCL10 expression in cardiomyocytes. DNA microarray was performed using p53‐overexpressing NRCMs. (a) Scatter plot shows the genes colored blue with >2‐fold upregulate in p53‐overexpressing NRCMs compared with β‐gal. (b) Heat map shows genes colored red with >2‐fold change and green with <0.5‐fold change between β‐gal and p53. (c) Gene ontology analysis. (d, e) The expression of (d) CXCL10 and (e) p21 transcripts was measured by qPCR ( n = 4). Experiments were performed three times with similar results. (f) The protein expression of CXCL10 in culture media of p53‐overexpressing NRCMs was measured by ELISA ( n = 3). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. by Student's t ‐test.

Article Snippet: CXCL10 protein level in conditioned media, secreted from cardiomyocytes, was assessed by Rat IP‐10/CXCL10 ELISA Kit (Elabscience, #E‐EL‐R0546) according to the manufacturer's protocol.

Techniques: Expressing, Microarray, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Physiological Reports

Article Title: CXCL10 is a novel anti‐angiogenic factor downstream of p53 in cardiomyocytes

doi: 10.14814/phy2.15304

Figure Lengend Snippet: Doxorubicin induced the expression of CXCL10 in cardiomyocytes through p53 in cardiomyocytes. (a–h) NRCMs were stimulated with Doxo for indicated concentration and time. (i–l) NRCMs were transfected with siRNA for p53 (sip53) or control (siCon) for 48 h, followed by stimulation with Doxo for 24 h. The expression of p53 (a, e, i) and CXCL10 (b, f, j) mRNA was measured by qPCR. ( n = 3). (c, g, k) The expression of p53 protein was analyzed by immunoblotting. Representative data are shown. (d, h, l) The band intensities of p53 were measured ( n = 3). Experiments were performed three times with similar results. (a–h). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 by one‐way ANOVA followed by Dunnett test. (i–l) * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 by one‐way ANOVA followed by Tukey–Kramer test.

Article Snippet: CXCL10 protein level in conditioned media, secreted from cardiomyocytes, was assessed by Rat IP‐10/CXCL10 ELISA Kit (Elabscience, #E‐EL‐R0546) according to the manufacturer's protocol.

Techniques: Expressing, Concentration Assay, Transfection, Control, Western Blot

Journal: Physiological Reports

Article Title: CXCL10 is a novel anti‐angiogenic factor downstream of p53 in cardiomyocytes

doi: 10.14814/phy2.15304

Figure Lengend Snippet: Hypoxia synergistically elevated the expression of CXCL10. p53‐overexpresisng NRCMs were treated with CoCl2 for 24 h. (a) The expression of p53 and GAPDH protein was analyzed by immunoblotting. Representative data were shown. The expression of (b) VEGF and (c) CXCL10 transcripts was measured by qPCR ( n = 4). Experiments were performed three times with similar results. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 by one‐way ANOVA followed by Tukey–Kramer test.

Article Snippet: CXCL10 protein level in conditioned media, secreted from cardiomyocytes, was assessed by Rat IP‐10/CXCL10 ELISA Kit (Elabscience, #E‐EL‐R0546) according to the manufacturer's protocol.

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot

Journal: Physiological Reports

Article Title: CXCL10 is a novel anti‐angiogenic factor downstream of p53 in cardiomyocytes

doi: 10.14814/phy2.15304

Figure Lengend Snippet: p53‐induced CXCL10, secreted from cardiomyocytes, inhibited the tube formation of endothelial cells. Culture media were collected from p53‐ or β‐gal‐overexpressing NRCMs. RAOECs were cultured with the conditioned media in the presence of AMG487, an inhibitor of CXCR3. Angiogenesis assay was performed. (a) Representative images were shown. (b) The number of tube formation was measured ( n = 6). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 by one‐way ANOVA followed by Tukey–Kramer test.

Article Snippet: CXCL10 protein level in conditioned media, secreted from cardiomyocytes, was assessed by Rat IP‐10/CXCL10 ELISA Kit (Elabscience, #E‐EL‐R0546) according to the manufacturer's protocol.

Techniques: Cell Culture, Angiogenesis Assay